Detonation tube with improved separability from the processed broken stone

ABSTRACT

The invention deals with a detonation tube with improved separability from the processed broken stone designed as a double-layer or multi-layer detonation tube of an industrial non-electric detonator containing the active component of the detonator stored in an at least double-layered tubular body or package where the principle is that at least one layer of its body or package is made of magnetic material while the magnetic material is preferentially created as a mixture of the magnetic and non-magnetic main material component while the content of the magnetic main material component in individual layers of the body or package of the detonation tube is advantageously 2 to 60% of weight and the rest to 100% consists of the non-magnetic main material component, all related to the weight of individual layers, and the magnetic main material component is beneficially produced on the basis of magnetite —Fe 3 O 4 , or on the basis of ferrite with the general formula Me II Fe 2 O 4 , where Me represents Co, Mn, Ni, Ca, Cu, Zn, Mg, or ferrite with the general formula Ln II Fe 2 O 4 , where Ln represents noble earth elements, or on the basis of noble earth elements in the oxidation degree II, or on the basis of ferric oxide in the modification γ-Fe 2 O 3 , or on the basis of powder iron, or on the basis of a magnetic alloy of iron or on the basis of a mixture or alloy containing the above mentioned magnetic partial components, where advantageous magnetic alloys of iron are alloys containing at least noble earth elements, or especially advantageous magnetic alloys of iron are alloys containing at least one noble earth element and B and/or Co or where alternatively the magnetic main material component is made on the basis of magnetically hard materials of the AlNiCo or FeCoCr type. The non-magnetic main material component is beneficially created on the basis of a plastic material, preferentially from the group of polymers or copolymers, mainly on the basis of substances from the PE, PP, PTFE plastic material group or ethylene copolymers with derivatives of methacrylic acid.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention deals with double-layer, three-layer or multi-layer detonation tubes, also referred to as the Shock Tube type, used for industrial non-electric detonators. In particular it deals with the design of their body to enable economically acceptable separation of remainders of such detonation tubes of non-electric detonators after the execution of blasting work from the other substances from the processed mined material.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Remainders of detonation tubes of non-electric detonators used during blasting work within mining of rock contaminate the resulting mined product, i.e. broken stone. In this case contamination is represented by the presence of remainders of tubes in the mined material, which subsequently causes problems during the treatment of the material in technological equipment as e.g. crushers where the broken stone or mining product is ground or sorters where the product is sorted into the required fraction. The above mentioned contamination and entering of insulation remainders to the above mentioned processing machines result in frequent shutdowns of the machines caused by the necessity to remove the remainders of detonation tubes from them. In extreme cases the machines may even break down. This is why it is necessary to remove the concerned remainders of tubes from the mined product, especially stone, which is carried out manually at present. This fact increases the costs of the series of blasting work and treatment of mined stone, which is a considerable disadvantage in technological procedures comprising the use of otherwise very safe non-electric detonators equipped with a low-energy detonation tube. At present, this disadvantage limits using non-electric detonators with a detonation tube. But on the other hand some utility and technical parameters of these non-electric detonators have not been exceeded yet. Significant advantages of these entire detonators are mainly the point of view of work safety and variability of creating timed detonating networks as well as high resistance to water and humidity. However, in the present detonators of this type these advantages are overshadowed by contamination of broken stone by remainders of detonation tubes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The above mentioned disadvantages are reduced to the decisive extent and a detonation tube with the possibility of easy machine separation from broken stone is achieved with the use of a detonation tube with improved separability from processed broken stone designed as double or multi-layer detonation tube of an industrial non-electric detonator containing the active component of the detonator stored in an at least double-layered tubular body or package in accordance with the presented invention where the principle is that at least one layer of the body or package of this detonation tubes is made of a magnetic material where this magnetic material is beneficially produced as a mixture of the magnetic and non-magnetic main material component while it may be especially advantageous if the content of the magnetic main material component in individual layers of the body or package of the detonation tube is 2 to 60% of weight and the rest to 100% consists of the non-magnetic main material component, all related to the weight of individual layers, or even better, if the content of the magnetic main material component of individual layers of the body or package is 10 to 30% of weight, related to the weight of individual layers of the body or package of the detonation tube. The magnetic main material component may be beneficially produced on the basis of magnetite —Fe₃O₄, or on the basis of ferrite with the general formula Me^(II)Fe₂O₄, where Me represents Co, Mn, Ni, Ca, Cu, Zn, Mg, or ferrite with the general formula Ln^(II)Fe₂O₄, where Ln represents noble earth elements, or on the basis of noble earth elements in the oxidation degree II, or on the basis of ferric oxide in the modification γ-Fe₂O₃, or on the basis of powder iron, or on the basis of a magnetic alloy of iron or on the basis of a mixture or alloy containing the above mentioned magnetic partial components, where advantageous magnetic alloys of iron are alloys containing at least noble earth elements, or especially advantageous magnetic alloys of iron are alloys containing at least one noble earth element and B and/or Co while advantageous metallic noble earth elements are Nd and Sm. Or alternatively the magnetic main material component is made on the basis of magnetically hard materials of the AlNiCo or FeCoCr type. The non-magnetic main material component is beneficially created on the basis of a plastic material from the group of polymers or copolymers while it is especially advantageous if the polymer or copolymer is represented by substances from the PE, PP, PTFE plastic material group or ethylene copolymer with derivatives of methacrylic acid.

This way a detonation tube is created where the magnetic substances contained in its body or package, at least in one layer enable magnetic separation of remainders of this tube from the mined material, which eliminates the hitherto considerable disadvantage of the necessity of manual separation of these remainders or in comparison with not performed separation reduces the risk of clogging or damaging processing equipment of broken stone contaminated by remainders of detonation tubes. At the same time detonation tubes made in accordance with the presented invention comply with requirements for cutting and rubbing resistance and the requirement for electric non-conductivity and also maintain their further benefits as high work safety and variability of creation of timed detonation networks as well as high resistance to water and humidity.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Example 1

A double-layer detonation tube was prepared. The first layer was based on ethylene copolymer with methacrylic acid and the second layer was based on PE containing 80 weight parts of PE and 20 weight parts of magnetite —FeFe₂O₄. The detonation tube prepared this way complied with the required rubbing and cutting resistance as well as the requirement of non-conductivity in accordance with relevant technical standards.

Example 2

A three-layer detonation tube was prepared. The first layer was based on the same composition as in example 1, the second layer was based on PE containing 85 weight parts of magnetite —FeFe₂O₄ and the third layer was based on PE containing 75 weight parts of PE and 25 weight parts of magnetite —FeFe₂O₄. This detonation tube also complied with the required rubbing and cutting resistance as well as the requirement of non-conductivity in accordance with relevant technical standards.

Example 3

The detonation tubes prepared in accordance with examples 1 and 2 were used for sets of electric detonators. After the execution of blasting work with the use of these sets the removal efficiency of remainders of detonation tubes from the mined rock with a magnetic field was tested. In both the cases 100% efficiency of removal of remainders of detonation tubes was proved.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The equipment based on the presented invention can be used for blasting work where the resulting broken material is subsequently processed and the remainders of detonation tubes must be separated from the broken material. 

1. A detonation tube with improved separability from the processed broke stone designed as a double-layer or multi-layer detonation tube of an industrial non-electric detonator containing the active component of the detonator characterized in that at least one layer of its body or package is made of magnetic material.
 2. A detonation tube in accordance with claim 1 characterized in that the magnetic material is created as a mixture of the magnetic and non-magnetic main material component.
 3. A detonation tube in accordance with claim 2 characterized in that the content of the magnetic main material component in individual layers of the body or package is 2 to 60% of weight and the rest to 100% consists of the non-magnetic main material component, all related to the weight of individual layers.
 4. A detonation tube in accordance with claim 3 characterized in that the content of the magnetic main material component in individual layers of the body or package is 10 to 30% of weight, related to the weight of individual layers.
 5. A detonation tube in accordance with claim 4 characterized in that the magnetic main material component is produced on the basis of magnetite —Fe₃O₄, or on the basis of ferrite with the general formula Me^(II)Fe₂O₄, where Me represents Co, Mn, Ni, Ca, Cu, Zn, Mg, or ferrite with the general formula Ln^(II)Fe₂O₄, where Ln represents noble earth elements, or on the basis of noble earth elements in the oxidation degree II, or on the basis of ferric oxide in the modification γ-Fe₂O₃, or on the basis of powder iron, or on the basis of a magnetic alloy of iron, or on the basis of a mixture or alloy containing the above mentioned magnetic partial components.
 6. A detonation tube in accordance with claim 5 characterized in that the magnetic alloys of iron are alloys containing also at least noble earth elements.
 7. A detonation tube in accordance with claim 6 characterized in that the magnetic alloys of iron are alloys containing at least another metallic noble earth element and B and/or Co.
 8. A detonation tube in accordance with claim 7 characterized in that the metallic noble earth elements are Nd and Sm.
 9. A detonation tube in accordance with claim 4 characterized in that the magnetic main material component is produced on the basis of magnetically hard material of the AlNiCo or FeCoCr type.
 10. A detonation tube in accordance with claim 9 characterized in that the non-magnetic main material component is made on the basis of plastic.
 11. A detonation tube in accordance with claim 10 characterized in that the plastic is selected from the group of polymers or copolymers.
 12. A detonation tube in accordance with claim 11 characterized in that the polymer or copolymer is represented by substances from the PE, PP, PTFE plastic group or ethylene copolymer with derivatives of methacrylic acid. 